By discovering a key anti ageing enzyme, which halts the cells from decaying, researchers are step closer to produce an anti ageing drug. It has already been known through earlier studies that by decreasing the intake of calories one can spectacularly slow the ageing process and enhance health in later life.
The research team from the University of Wisconsin-Madison has discovered a vital enzyme known as Sirt3 that causes this vivid effect in molecules of cells. They are approaching close to good understanding of how caloric restriction works. This research is the first evidence for device underlying the anti ageing effects they observe under caloric restriction, explained study author Prof Tomas Prolla.
The results of the study help to explain the flow of proceedings which contribute to ageing. It also gives an idea about the source for devising drugs which could extend the average life span. In a lab study researchers studied mice with age related hearing loss that is associated with free drastic damage to the cells in the inner ear.
They emphasized on the mitochondria which are structures inside the cells that make energy and are source of extremely reactive forms of oxygen called free radicals. They damage cells and encourage the effects of ageing. In the condition of decreased calorie, levels of Sirt3 raised, which alters metabolism and results in less free radicals made by mitochondria.
The symptoms of free radical damage are lethargy, wrinkled, sagging skin and stiffness in joints. Other things which can produce excess free radicals are sunbathing, smoking, stress, infections and intake of fried foods. But the use of green and leafy vegetables and whole grain bread which contain antioxidants can neutralize their effects.
This the most powerful and direct connection that represents caloric restriction works through mitochondria. Sirt3 is one of seven enzymes in the sirtuin family that seem to have an extensive impact on cell fate and physiology, added Prof Prolla.
Understanding the molecular basis of how the sirtuin enzymes act can eventually escort to the development of drugs which activate the alleyways of enzymes like Sirt3 to decelerate the ageing process.